防范火灾风险, 建设美好家园

相信大家早已经把火警电话119刻记在心里，不过，你知道十一月份是消防宣传月吗？那么，消防宣传日呢？对啦，11月9日，119，就是消防宣传日。此时正值风干物燥、火灾多发之际，全国各地也都紧锣密鼓地开展冬季防火工作，为增加全民的消防安全意识，使“119”更加深入人心，1992年，公安部在一些省市进行“119”消防活动的基础上，发起将每年的11月9日定为全国“消防日”。

自此之后，每年的消防日主题都有所不同喔！而2019年的消防日主题《防范火灾风险，共建美好家园》，强调的是火灾事故的风险防范。下面再来汇总一次我们日常生活中的安全防范知识吧！

I believe you've remembered the fire alarm number 119, but do you know that November is the fire prevention month? And what about the fire prevention day? November 9 is the fire prevention day. At this time, the air is dry and it is easy to get fires, so the fire prevention work has been carried out all over the country in winter. In order to increase the awareness and consciousness of the fire safety among people and make "119" more popular. In 1992, "119" was designated as the national "fire prevention day" by the Ministry of Public Security.

Since then, the theme of fire prevention day is different every year. The theme of 2019 is "prevent the risk of fire, build a better home", which emphasizes the risk prevention of fire accidents. Now let's know about fire security knowledge.

一、校舍防火

在校舍内，师生都应做到不私拉、乱拉、乱接电线；不使用大功率电器；室内无人时，应关掉电器的电源开关并且拔下插头；不使用明火，不焚烧物品；点燃蜡烛及蚊香等需有人在场，用不燃物支垫，并远离可燃物。

I. Fire prevention of school buildings

In school, using private wires are not allowed;   do not use high-power electrical appliances; turn off the power switch of electrical appliances if nobody is in the room; do not burn goods; when lighting candles and mosquito repellent,   another person is required to be at scene, and keep away from them.

二、食堂等人员密集场所的防火

要遵守消防安全制度，不携带易燃易爆品，如汽油、酒精等；禁烟区不准吸烟，不随便丢弃烟头、火种，应保持安全通道的畅通。

II. Fire prevention in canteen and other crowded places

Apply for the fire safety system, and do not bring any inflammable and explosive materials, such as gasoline and alcohol; smoking is not allowed in the non-smoking area, and the emergency exit shall be kept unblocked.

三、教室、办公室的防火

使用教室内一起设备时，应认真检查电源、管线、火源、辅助仪器等情况，还应清楚杂物和垃圾。长时间或不确定时间离开工作区域，则应关闭用电设备，并完全切断电源。

III. Fire prevention in classrooms and offices

When using an equipment in the classroom, carefully check all the supplies, and clean up the garbage. Turn off the electrical equipment and cut off the power completely if leave the room in a long time.

四、室外的防火

校园植被较为丰富，秋、冬季绿化地带会有不少树林落叶、枯枝和枯草，不要在室外烧纸、点火或乱扔烟头，以免引起火灾。

IV. Outdoor fire protection

Do not light fire or throw cigarette butts outdoors to avoid fire, due to the dried leaves more than usual in autumn and winter.

灭火器的使用方法

1. 拿着把手将灭火器提起，先将灭火器上下颠倒几次，使筒内干粉松动；

2. 拔去保险；

3. 在离起火点1.5米以上（如是电器起火，应更远）的侧后方瞄准起火点；

4. 按住喷射装置，对准起火点喷射，且水平横向移动。

How to use fire extinguisher?

1. Lift the fire extinguisher with the handle, turn the extinguisher upside down for several times to let the dry powder loose.

2. Remove the insurance.

3. Aim at the fire point at the back of the side more than 1.5m away from the fire point (if the electric appliance is on fire, it should be further away);

4. Press and hold the spray device, spray at the ignitial point, and move horizontally.